A couple of safety earthing issues I’ve seen over the last few weeks.
Here’s the safety earth from a recent repair on a JMI era VOX AC30.
Suffice to say, if you were going to solder the safety earth to something, then the chassis might have been a better bet……
OK, that was a vintage amp with questionable earth bonding. Here’s the safety earth bond from a new Yamaha PA that had failed the PAT earth bond test.
The manufacturer had relied on the star washer piercing the powder coat on the chassis to give a good bond to earth.
The powder coat should have been masked off the power coating so there was bare metal under the earth bond to ensue a low earth resistance.
I scraped off the power coat before re-attaching the earth bond, and the amp passed the earth bond test.